73rd Amendment Act 1992 - Panchayats - Part IX -243-2430 - 11th schedule

74rth Amendment Act 1992- Municipalities - Part IXA - 243P-243ZG - 12th schedule

97th Amendment Act 2011- Cooperative Societies - Part IXB - 243ZH -243ZT

Balwant Rai Mehta committee -1957	3 tier panchayat, recommended fo constitutional status
Ashok Mehta committee 1977	2 tier panchayat
GVK Rao committee 1985
LM Sanghvi committee 1986	Constitutionalisation of panchayat system

	Election of members	Election of Chairperson
Panchayats
Gram Panchayat/Village level	Direct	State legislature will determine
Intermediate Level	Direct	Indirect
District Level	Direct	Indirect

Reservation for SC,ST	Yes at all 3 levels. Proportionate to Population PESA: proportionate to communities. ST min 50%	Yes. State legislature will determine PESA: ST at all levels
Reservation for women	>= 33% at all levels	>= 33% at all levels
Reservation for BCs	Voluntary. State legislature will determine	Voluntary. State legislature will determine
Municipalities
Municipality	Direct	State legislature will determine

Reservation for SC,ST	Yes, Proportionate to population	State legislature will determine
Reservation for women	>= 33%	State legislature will determine
Reservation for BCs	Voluntary. State legislature will determine	Voluntary. State legislature will determine
Cooperatives	Board Members=max 21 + max 2+ functional directors	Office bearers
	Elected Members-Number determined by State Legis [Max 21] Nominated by State Legis: Max 2- No vote, no office bearers Functional directors - No vote State legislature will define exact number Coopted board members are those who are not elected	Who are elected by the board members Ex: President, Chairperson, Secretary, Treasurer

Reservation for SC, ST	One for either SC or ST if society has such members
Reservation for Women	2 if society has such members

Panchayat

Articles 40, 243-243O, 11th schedule
Election - State Election Commission [not to be determined by State Legislature]
Disqualification Question and disputes - Such authority as the State Legislature determines
Electoral matters: Courts cannot interfere
Auditing of Accounts - State legislature may determine [NOTE: May/May not be CAG , as decided by State legislature]
Devolution of taxes and grants - State Finance Commission constituted by Governor
UT - President will determine [Now: Applicable to all UTs except Delhi ?]
Panchayati Raj act does not apply to Nagaland, Mizoram, Meghalaya, Hill areas of Manipur, Darjeeling district of WB, Scheduled areas and Tribal areas
PESA act is applicable to Scheduled areas
Granting, devolution of powers including financial powers is a voluntary provision provided to State (wish of state) in the Panchayat Act
Giving representation to MPs/MLAs/MLCs in panchayats at different levels falling within their constituencies is voluntary and left to States

Municipalities

Article 40, 243P - 243ZG, 12th schedule
Election - State Election Commission
Disqualification Question and disputes- Such authority as the State Legislature determines
Electoral matters: Courts cannot interfere
Auditing of Accounts - State legislature may determine
Devolution of taxes and grants - State Finance Commission constituted by Governor
UT - President will determine
Municipalities act does not apply to Scheduled areas and Tribal areas, Darjeeling district of WB
State legislature may also make provisions for constitution of committees other than ward committees
State legislature may provide for representation in Municipality for

Special knowledgeable persons in the area of municipal administration without right to vote
MPs/MLAs/MLCs
Chairpersons of committees other than ward committees

District Planning Committee - 4/5 of the members of the committee are elected by elected members of district panchayat and municipalities in the district from amongst themselves and in the proportion of ratio of urban and rural population in the district
Metropolitan Planning Committee - 2/3 of the members of the committee are elected by elected members of Municipalities and chairpersons of the panchayats in the metropolitan area amongst themselves and in the proportion of ratio of population b/w municipalities and panchayats in the metropolitan area.

Office bearers term: 5years
Elections conducted by the authority as determined by State Legislature [In case of Panchayats, Municipalities - SEC]
Disqualification : state legislature will determine such authority
Auditing of accounts by an auditor/auditing firm appointed by general body of cooperative chosen from the State Govt approved panels or State Govt authorised bodies and the accounts shall be audited within 6 months of the close of the Financial Year and submit returns to the authority designated by State Govt.
State legislature may provide for that the annual General Body Meetings of every society shall be conducted within a period of six months of close of the Financial Year
Applicable to Union Territories unless President notifies explicitly

Applicable to Scheduled areas only. Not Tribal areas
State Govt may nominate such scheduled tribes from such communities which have no representation at the intermediate or district level panchayat. But such nomination shall not exceed 1/10th of total members to be elected to such panchayat
For acquisition of land for developmental projects and license of minor minerals, Gram Sabha or panchayat at appropriate level is consulted
safeguard and preserve the traditions and customs of the people, and their cultural identity, community resources,
Customary mode of dispute resolution
Approve plans, programmes and projects for social and economic development;
Identify persons as beneficiaries under the poverty alleviation and other programmes;
Issue a certificate of utilization of funds by the Panchayat for the plans; programmes and projects.

Executive officer of Cantonment board is appointed by President of India
Notified Area Committee - Non statutory and non-elected
Town Area Committee - Statutory; Wholly elected/nominated/ Partly elected/nominated
Central Council of Local Government- Inter-state council-deals with urban matters only and the chairman is Union Urban Minister

Municipal Corporation

Municipalities

Council

Standing Committees

Commissioner

Council

Standing Committees

Executive Office

Chairman of Council Mayor - ornamental

Chairman of council - powerful, also has executive functions