Institutions of National Importance

They are established by Act of Parliament. (Usually, acts designate institu tions as institutions of national importance)
They serves as a pivotal player in developing highly skilled personnel within the specified region of the country/state
Ex: AIIMS, IITs, IIMs, NITs etc.
They are usually supported by the Government of India or even any other international institutes to develop centers of excellence in research, academics, and other such elite schools of education
Indian Institute of Information Technology Public Private Partnership (IIIT-PPP) Act 2017 seeks to declare 15 existing Indian Institutes of Information Technology established through public-private partnership as institutions of national importance. Also seek to grant degrees and statutory status

Institutions of Eminence

20 institutions both public and private, would be selected on challenge method and they would be actively supported to come up in the global rankings
To enable them to reach amongst top 100 of world institutions ranking.
The UGC (Institutions of Eminence Deemed to be Universities) regulations, 2017 will govern all such institutions that are conferred with this status, ensuring their complete academic, administrative and financial autonomy.

These regulations will override all other UGC regulations and free the institutions of UGC’s restrictive inspecti regime, the regulatory control over fee and curriculum.

faculty student ratio should not be less than 1:10 after three years of declaration as a World Class Institution
World class library, student amenities, large campus, transparent merit based admissions, mix of foreign and Indian students,
Non applicability of reservation system (no such clause for Institutions of National Importance )
Each public institution will be provided 1000 crore over 5 years while no funding for private institutions

The NIRF is a comprehensive ranking system for universities developed by the HRD Ministry.
Parameters

Institutions - Overall, University, Engineering, Management, Pharmacy, College, Medical, Law, Architecture and Dental
NIRF is a voluntary exercise where only institutions that submit required data are ranked
Criticism:

Private institutions, Central and State institutions are ranked together which places state universities at disadvantage

To be set-up as an autonomous and self-sustained premier testing organization to conduct all entrance examinations for higher education institutions.
Created as a Society registered under the Indian Societies Registration Act, 1860,
would be an independent body dedicated on the lines of the Educational Testing Service (ETS) in the United States.
Composition

It will be chaired by an eminent educationist appointed by Ministry of Human Resource Development.
The CEO will be the Director General to be appointed by the Government.
There will be a Board of Governors comprising members from user institutions.
The Director General will be assisted by 9 verticals headed by academicians/ experts

Headed by Minister of HRD and under Ministry of HRD
It is the highest and the most important advisory body to central and State Government in the field of Education working since 1935.
The committee has representatives of central organisation, universities, state and bodies including planning commission, NGOs and civic society. And also nominated members (representing various interests) and elected members (MP) of both the houses
Planned to launch Operation Digital Board (digitally enabled classrooms) in collaboration with Central and State Govts, CSIR