Socially and Educationally Backward Classes (OBCs)

Constitutional definition attained through 102 CAA 2018
 
 
342A. (1) The President may with respect to any State or Union
territory, and where it is a State, after consultation with the Governor
thereof, by public notification, specify the socially
and educationally backward classes which shall for the purposes of this
Constitution be deemed to be socially and educationally backward classes in
relation to that State or Union territory, as the case may be. 
(2) Parliament may by law include in
or exclude from the Central List of socially and educationally
backward classes specified in a notification issued under clause (1) any
socially and educationally backward class, but save as aforesaid a
notification issued under the said clause shall not be varied by any
subsequent notification
 
Article 366(26C) Definition of Socially and Educationally Backward
classes
‘(26C) "socially and educationally backward classes&q
ot;
means such backward classes as are so deemed under article 342A for the
purposes of this Constitution;
 
 
<h2 style='margin:0in;font-family:Calibri;font-size:14.0pt;color:#2E75B5'
lang=en-US id="CreamyLayer">Creamy Layer</h2>
<h2 style='color:#000000;margin:0in;margin-left:.375in;text-indent:-.1666in;
font-family:Calibri;font-size:12.0pt' lang=en-US id="SCdefinedcreamylayer[Constitutionallowedonlytomakespecialprovisionsforsocially&educationallybackwardcitizens/ST/SC][Noteconomic]"<img
width=16 height=16
alt=Important src="https://static.wixstatic.com/media/760013_fab708a3e3f249ad85c73c8524bc0ea1~mv2.png"> SC
defined creamy layer [Constitution allowed only to make special
provisions for socially & educationally backward citizens/ST/SC][Not economic]</h2>
 
Children belong to creamy layer among OBCs and will not get quota
benefit
 
<ul type=disc style='margin-left:.375in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed;
margin-top:0in;margin-bottom:0in'>
<li style='margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle' lang=en-US>Persons holding
constitutional posts like President, Vice President, Judges of SC &
HC, Chairman and Members of UPSC, SPSC, CEC, CAG etc.</li>
<li style='margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle' lang=en-US>Group A/Class I & Group
B/Class II officers of All India, Central, State services and employees
holding equivalent posts in PSUs, Banks, Insurance Organizations,
Universities etc. and also in
private employment</li>
<li style='margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle' lang=en-US>Persons who are in the rank
of colonel and above in the army and equivalent posts in the Navy, Air
Force and the Parliamentary forces </li>
<li style='margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle' lang=en-US>Professionals like doctors, lawyers,
engineers, artists, authors, consultants and so on</li>
<li style='margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle' lang=en-US>Persons
engaged in trade, business and industry</li>
<li style='margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle' lang=en-US>People holding agricultural
land above a certain limit and vacant land or building in urban areas</li>
<li style='margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle' lang=en-US>Persons
having gross annual income of more than 6 lakh or possessing wealth above
the exception limit</li>
</ul>
 
 
<h2 style='color:#000000;margin:0in;text-indent:-.1666in;font-family:Calibri;
font-size:14.0pt;color:#2E75B5' lang=en-US id="NationalCommissionfor Socially and Educationally
Backward Classes Constitutional Amendment Act 2018"<img
width=16 height=16
alt=Important src="https://static.wixstatic.com/media/760013_fab708a3e3f249ad85c73c8524bc0ea1~mv2.png"> National Commission for Socially and Educationally
Backward Classes Constitutional Amendment Act 2018</h2>
<ul type=disc style='margin-left:.375in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed;
margin-top:0in;margin-bottom:0in'>
<li style='margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle' lang=en-US>102
Constitutional Amendment Act CAA 2018</li>
</ul>
<ul type=disc style='margin-left:.375in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed;
margin-top:0in;margin-bottom:0in'>
<li style='margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle' lang=en-US>An accompanying bill, The
National Commission for Backward Classes Bill 2017, was also passed to repeal the
1993 law. </li>
<li style='margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle' lang=en-US>Features of the bill</li>
<ul type=circle style='margin-left:.375in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed;
margin-top:0in;margin-bottom:0in'>
<li style='margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle' lang=en-US>Definition of socially and
educationally backward classes - Article 366(26C)</li>
<li style='margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle' lang=en-US>Giving constitutional
status for socially and educationally backward classes - Article 342A, </li>
<li style='margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle' lang=en-US>Parliament
to decide on inclusion/exclusion for Central list of OBCs </li>
<ul type=disc style='margin-left:.375in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed;
margin-top:0in;margin-bottom:0in'>
<li style='margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle' lang=en-US>Under Article 342A the
President may specify the socially and educationally backward classes
in the various states and union territories. He may do this in consultation
with the Governor of the concerned state. </li>
<li style='margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle' lang=en-US>However,
a law of Parliament will be required if the list of backward classes is
to be amended. </li>
<li style='margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle' lang=en-US>Note:
Governor, President, Parliament has a role</li>
</ul>
<li style='margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle' lang=en-US>National Commission for Backward Classes-
Article 338B</li>
<ul type=disc style='margin-left:.375in;direction:ltr;unicode-bidi:embed;
margin-top:0in;margin-bottom:0in'>
<li style='margin-top:0;margin-bottom:0;vertical-align:middle' lang=en-US>Article 338 B - There shall be
a Commission for the socially and educationally backward classes to be
known as the National Commission for Backward Classes.</li>
</ul>
</ul>
</ul>