	Features	Distribution	Threats
Critically Endange red
Himalayan Brown/Red Bear	WPA I	Nepal, Tibet, north India, and north Pakistan	loss of suitable habitat and persecution by humans
Sumatran Rhinoceros	Believed to be extinct in India now	once occurred in the foothills of the Himalayas and north-east India
Sumatran Orangutan/ Albino Orangutan	Asia's only great apes	Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei, Borneo island
Kashmir stag/Hangul	State animal of Jammu and Kashmir. Project Hangul, WPA I	Kashmir valley and northern Chamba in Himachal Pradesh	habitat destruction, over-grazing by domestic livestock, and poaching
Namdapha Flying Squirrel	Tropical forest WPA II	Namdapha Tiger Reserve in Arunachal Pradesh	Hunted for food
Malabar Civet	world’s rarest ma mals. (endemic to India) Wooded plains and hill slopes of evergreen rainforests WPA I	Western Ghats	Deforestation and commercial plantations
Large Rock Rat or Elvira Rat	Tropical dry deciduous shrub land forest, seen in rocky areas (endemic to India)	Eastern Ghats of Tamil Nadu	habitat loss, conversion of forests and fuel wood collection
Andaman White-toothed Shrew Jenkins Andaman Spiny Shrew Nicobar White-tailed Shrew	Leaf litter and rock crevices usually active by twilight or in the night (endemic to India)	South Andaman Islands.	selective logging, natural disasters such as the tsunami and drastic weather changes.
Asiatic Cheetah		Present only in Iran	NOTE: African Cheetahs/Cheetahs are Vulnerable
Endangered
Red Panda	endemic to the temperate forests of the Himalayas; WPA I	Sikkim and Assam, northern Arunachal Pradesh Nokrek Biosphere reserve Arunachal Pradesh has highest number	habitat loss and fragmentation, poaching, and inbreeding depression
Wild ass/ khur	Indian Wild Ass Sanctuary, Little Rann of Kutch NOTE: Tibetan wild ass is Least Conce rn	Rann of Kutch	encroachment and grazing by the Maldhari; Invasive species Prosopis juliflora shrub
Dhole/ Asiatic wild dog or Indian wild dog	Schedule 2 of WPA	Central Indian Highlands and the Western and Eastern Ghats of the southern states. Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Meghalaya, and West Bengal.	Habitat loss, depletion of its prey base. Indira Gandhi Zoological Park (IGZP), Vishakhapatnam plans to reintroduce a pack of 16 dholes into the forests.
Asiatic Wild Buffalo	Endangered, WPA I	NOTE: Indian Bison is Vulnerable
Tiger, Elephant	[WPA I]
Eld� deer/ thamin or brow-antlered deer		Keibul Lamjao National Park (KLNP), Manipur.	Overgrazing, loss of grassland habitat
Sangai Deer (locally called phumdi)	State animal of Manipur	marshy wetland of Keibal Lamjao National Park over the floating biomass in Loktak lake	Dancing deer of Manipur Sangai Festival of Manipur
Himalayan / White-bellied Musk Deer		Kashmir, Kumaon(Uttarakhand) and Sikkim.	poaching & illegal trade for its musk.
Hog deer		Terai region and grasslands in northern India.	Hunting, habitat loss, habitat fragmentation
Hispid hare/ Assam rabbit		Southern foothills of the central Himalayas	Habitat Fragmentation
Golden langur	Tropical rain forest region WPA I	western Assam and in the neighboring foothills of the Black Mountains of Bhutan. Western ghat	Deforestation, human encroachments.
Lion-tailed macaque/ wanderoo	Endemic to the Western Ghats WPA I	Evergreen forests in the Western Ghat s range	Habitat fragmentation and plantations
Nilgiri langur/ Nilgiri leaf monkey [WPA I]		Western Ghats in Tamil Nadu and Keral a	Habitat degradation and introduction of exotic tree species
Nilgiri tahr [WPA I]	state animal of TN [Schedule 1 of WPA]	montane grasslands of Western Ghats	Habitat loss, overgrazing, illegal hunting Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve (reintroduction proposal)
Indian Pangolin [WPA I]	Mammal known for scales on its body		Hunting and Poaching; Schedule I
Pygmy Hog [WPA I] [CE to E]	world’s smallest ild pig indicators of status of grassland habitats Pygmy hog-sucking Louse, a parasite that feeds only on Pygmy Hogs	Formerly- widely- southern Himalayan foothills Now- Manas Wildlife Sanctuary (Assam)	loss and degradation of grasslands, dry-season burning, livestock grazing and afforestation of grasslands, hunting
Kondana Rat [CE to E]	Tropical and subtropical dry deciduous forests and tropical scrub. known to build nests (endemic to India)	Sinhagarh Plateau , near Pune in Maharashtra.	habitat loss, overgrazing of vegetation and disturbance from tourism and recreational activities.

Vulnerable
Great Indian one horn Rhinoceros [WPA I]	Found only in the tall grasslands and forests in the foothills of the Himalayas Moved from Endangered to Vulnerable Indian Rhino Vision 2020	Found in UP, WB & Assam (Kaziranga National Park, Pabitora wildlife sanctuary, Manas National Park) NOTE: Sumatran Rhino is CE	has medicinal properties, habitat loss, habitat fragmentation. Assam Govt planning to raise Special Protection Force for protection of Rhino
Gaur/Indian Bison	native to South Asia and Southeast Asia. domesticated form of the gaur is called gayal or mithun WPA I	Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Peninsular Malaysia, Myanmar, India, Bangladesh, Bhutan, China and Nepal. Western Ghats = Wayanad – Nagarhol � Mudumalai – Bandipur	Habitat loss, habitat fragmentation
Lion			Trade in bones
Cheetah	WPA-I	Extinct in India and Pakistan, Proposal for reintroduction from Namibia	Asiatic Cheetah - CE African Cheetah - Vulnerable
Clouded leopard (WPA I), Snow Leopard [WPA I]	NOTE: Snow leopard is downgraded from Endangered to Vulnerable	Northern West Bengal, Sikkim, Arunachal Pradesh, Manipur, Meghalaya, Mizoram, Nagaland and Tripura.	deforestation and poaching
Asian black bear/ moon bear or white-chested bear	NOTE: Himalayan Brown/Read Bear is CE WPA II	Himalayas	deforestation and active hunting
Dugong/Sea Cow	Vulnerable’ Herbivoro Marine Mammal WPA I	Marine National Park, Gulf of Kutch, G ulf of Mannar Marine National Park , around Andaman and Nicobar Islands	hunting (meat and oil), habitat degradation, and fishing-related fatalities India has non-binding MoU with CMS for protection of dugongs
Four-horned antelope, Chousingha	must drink water regularly in order to survive WPA-I	Scattered between the foothills of the Himalayas in the north to the Deccan Plateau in the south. [MP, Chattisgarh] Gir national park	Loss of its natural habitat and poaching
Barasingha or swamp deer	WPA-I	Isolated localities in northern and central India, and southwestern Nepal State animal of MP (Kanha National Park)	Hunting for horns, habitat fragmentation and habitat loss.
Takin		Himalayan Mountains and western China.
Nilgiri marten	Inhabits areas that are far from human disturbance. Only species of marten in southern India	Endemic to the Western Ghats	habitat loss and fragmentation, hunting for its fur.
Oriental small-clawed otter/ Asian small-clawed otter & Smooth Coated Otter	smallest otter species in the world. mangrove swamps and freshwater wetlands	coastal regions from southern India	habitat loss, pollution and hunting.
Manatees Species		India seas [near shore waters of Gulf of Mannar, Gulf of Kachchh and Andaman and Nicobar Islands]	Coastal development, red tide, hunting.
Near Threatened
Marbled cat		Sikkim, Darjeeling, moist tropical forest	Hunting, habitat destruction
Himalayan tahr		Himalayas	Hunting
Markhor	national animal of Pakistan Moved from endangered to Near Threatened	some parts of Jammu and Kashmir	Hunting (both for meat and for its twisted horns), armed conflict and habitat loss.
Tibetan Antelope/ Chiru Goats		Tibet Cold Desert	Hunting for fur as its wool is expensive [Shahtoosh Shawl]
Eurasian Otter	Rarest Indian mammal	Himalayas and Western ghats Satpura Tiger Reserve, Madhya Pradesh and Kanha-Pench Corridor
Least Concerned
Indian Gaint Flying squirrel	mammals too, but they don’t really fly.WPA II	dry deciduous and evergreen forests,
Blackbuck	Habitat: Grass land.	deserts (northwestern region), coastal areas, mountains (in the northern-northeastern region)	excessive hunting for meat and sporting trophies Blackbuck conservation Reserve in UP formed recently Schedule I of WPA
Indian Chinkara (Gazelle)		Peninsular India
Tibetan Wild Ass	NOTE: Khur (Indian wild ass) is Endangered
Cheetal/Spotted/Axis Deer & Mouse Deer & Barking Deer
Not Evaluated
Himalayan wolf		Trans-Himalayan region of Himachal Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir	Climate Change, Prey by humans to protect their cattle.

Mammals