10- Water vapour, Co2, Ch4, No2, HFC, PFC, SF6, Black carbon, Aerosols, Ozone

	Natural	Human	GWP (100-year)	Lifetime (years)	Emission w.r.t impact	Reduction/Removal	% (gas/GHG
Water Vapour		Negligible
Co2	Carbon Cycle	Combustion of fossil fuels(heat, transportation, light, industries) Chemical reactions(production and consumption of mineral products such as Cement , metals such as iron and steel, chemicals)	1	20-200	Primary(1)	Energy Efficiency Energy Conservation Carbon Capture Carbon Sequestration	57%(Fossil) 17%(deforestation, biomass decay) 3%(others)=77%
Methane CH4	Wetlands(bacteria) Also termites, oceans, sediments, volcanoes, wild fires)	Agriculture: Domestic livestock releases CH4 as part of their digestive process Industry: Natural Gas, Biogas (production, processing, storage, transmission, distribution) Waste from Homes and Business; mining leaks	21	12			14%
Nitrous Oxide No2	Nitrogen Cycle NOTE: No volcanoes	Agriculture: Synthetic fertilizers (production and use in soil) Transportation fuels burned Industry: Fertilizers and production of adipic acid used in fibers like nylon, other synthetic	310	120		When absorbed by some bacteria or destroyed by UV or chemical reactions	8%
Fluorinated Gases- Hydro Fluoro Carbons HFC NOTE: No HCFC		Through leaks, servicing, disposal of equipment in which they used[refrigerants, aerosol propellants, solvents, fire retardants] HFC-23 produced as by product of HCFC-22 produce	140-12K High GWP	1-270 Longer		When destroyed by sunlight in far upper atmosphere	1%(all fluorinated gases)
Fluorinated Gases- Per Fluoro Carbons PFC		Produced as byproducts in aluminum production and semiconductors manufacturing	6K-9K High GWP	800-500K Longer		When destroyed by sunlight in far upper atmosphere
Fluorinated Gases- Sulphur Hexafluoride SF6		Tracer gas for leak detection Magnesium and semiconductors manufacturing Used in Electrical transmission equipment including circuit breakers	23K High GWP	3K Longer		When destroyed by sunlight in far upper atmosphere
Black Carbon/Soot (Solid particle)/aerosol		Incomplete combustion Biomass burning Cooking with solid fuels Diesel exhaust		Days to weeks	Secondary	Leaves help in clearing them
Ozone			SLCP		Secondary

Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â Â� NO So2 in GHG

Short-lived climate pollutants (SLCP) (methane, HFCs, black carbon (soot), tropospheric ozone)

Note:

CFC- Chloro Fluoro Carbons and HCFC� Hydro Chloro Fluoro Carbons -Ozone depleting substances while Hydro Fluro Carbons and Per Fluro Carbons are GHG
Nitrous Oxide is GHG, Ozone forming substance in Troposphere, Ozone depleting substance in Stratosphere, Acid rain causing substance
C02 - GHG, little Acid rain and major ocean acidification
PFC in GHG include Perfluoromethane, perfluroethane, Perfluoropropane, Perfluorobhutane, Perfluoropentane etc.

GWP - Global Warming Potential

Represents potential impact of each gas in global warming (how strong and how long)
Measure of total energy that a gas absorb over a particular period of time (usually 100 years) when compared to Co2
Gases with higher GWP absorb more energy
GWP Co2 < Ch4 < O3 < No2 < HFC < PFC < SF6
Fluorinated gases have high GWP and hence trap more heat than Co2
Effect of each gas depends on concentration, how strong , how long they stay in the atmosphere
How strong + How long = GWP Global Warming Potential

Emissions facts

Green House Gases Emission from Source 2004

Energy Supply	26%	Largest source - Coal, Oil, Natural gas combustion
Industry	19%	Fossils and chemical , metallurgical, mineral process
Forestry	17%	Fires, deforestation, land use change
Agriculture	14%	Soils, livestock, rice production, biomass burning
Transport	13%	Fossil fuels burned for transportation
Residential and Commercial Buildings	8%	Burning for fuels, cooking
Waste and wastewater	3%	Landfill methane and wastewater methane and No2, Also minor Co2

GHG by Volume

GHG	Volume
Co2	77% [57%(Fossil) , 17%(deforestation biomass decay) , 3%(others) ]
Ch4	14%
No2	8%
Fluorinated gases	1%

Water vapour is the largest contributor to GHG since it is harmless, we are not taking into account in GHG pollutants

GHG by GWP

Co2 < Ch4 < < span style='font-weight:bold;text-decoration:underline'>O3 < No2 < HFC < PFC < SF6

GHG - Co2 equivalent emission countries

By volume

China (27%) > US (15%) > India (6.4%)> Russia (5%) & gt; Japan > Brazil > Germany > Indonesia > Canada > Mexico > Iran
World - 45 billion tonnes of co2 equivalent (2017)
India - 2.4 billion tonnes of Co2 equivalent (2017) - 6.4 percent of world
EU - 10 percent of world

By percapita

US (20 tonnes Co2 equivalent) > Russia > Japan > EU > China (9) > World (7 tonnes) > Brazil > India (2.7 tonnes)

Climate Change